5.3 Cartridges

There are two general types of cartridges available today: centerfire and rimfire.

Many years ago people used a larger number of different rimfire cartridges. The rimfire cartridge gets its name because the primer is in the rim. Rimfire cartridges cannot be reloaded. The most common rimfire cartridge used today is the .22 Long Rifle.

The centerfire cartridge is the most common type of metallic cartridge. The primer is in the (bottom) center of the ammunition. That's why this cartridge is called centerfire. Centerfire cases can be reloaded.

All cartridges—both rimfire and centerfire—have four main parts.

• Case: The case holds the primer, powder, and bullet.
• Primer: The primer compound explodes when struck by the firing pin and ignites the powder.
• Powder: The powder burns and creates gas to push the bullet through the bore and out the muzzle.
• Bullet: The bullet is the part of the cartridge that strikes the target.

Make sure that your ammunition matches your rifle or handgun. Never shoot ammunition without checking first! Use only flat-nosed bullets in tubular magazines.

Rifle and Handgun Ammunition

The bottom of the case of a centerfire cartridge usually has a number stamped on it. Be sure you know your firearm and the proper ammunition before you shoot! You may be able to fit different size ammunition in your gun ... but the gun may blow up! Carry and use only ammunition that matches your gun! Ask if you don't know which ammunition fits your firearm!