Matching Choke to Your Quarry
For example, someone hunting small, fast, close birds would generally use an improved cylinder or modified choke, which creates a broad shot pattern that spreads quickly at close ranges. Conversely, someone hunting a larger, less mobile bird that is usually farther away, such as a turkey, would select a full choke, which concentrates the shot in a smaller area. Pellet size also varies based on the size of the game. The chart below suggests choke selections for a variety of game. It is intended only as a guide—choice of choke may vary depending on ammunition, target distance, and hunting conditions. Always pattern your shotgun for the quarry you are hunting and the ammunition you are using.
| Quarry | Commonly Used Choke (based on typical distance from quarry) |
|---|---|
| Goose | Improved Cylinder or Modified |
| Duck | Improved Cylinder or Modified |
| Turkey | Full or Extra Full |
| Pheasant | Improved Cylinder, Modified, or Full |
| Grouse | Improved Cylinder or Modified |
| Woodcock, rail or snipe | Improved Cylinder or Modified |
| Dove | Improved Cylinder or Modified |
| Quail | Improved Cylinder or Modified |
| Rabbit | Improved Cylinder or Modified |
| Squirrel | Modified or Full |